ADHD in Women
ADHD in Women: Underdiagnosis, Gender Norms, and Treatment Options
Written by: Nicole Armstrong
WHY ARE MORE WOMEN BEING DIAGNOSED WITH ADHD?
It seems that more and more women are being diagnosed with ADHD. And while it is true that more women are seeking diagnosis, ADHD in women and girls is still underdiagnosed. ADHD, which stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is typically diagnosed in one of three categories: inattentive, hyperactive, or combined. For a long time, school-aged boys were the ones primarily diagnosed with ADHD and were labelled as “wild” or “rambunctious.” Hyperactivity is less common in girls, but when it does occur, it is often internalized, making diagnosis more difficult. Symptoms in girls and women tend to present as inattention, forgetfulness, talkativeness, or poor time management.
Gender norms and cultural expectations have a significant impact on the underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of ADHD in women, also affecting symptom management and self-messaging. Women who seek answers are often misdiagnosed and treated for mood disorders like anxiety or depression instead. While mood disorders are often comorbid with ADHD, treating a mood disorder alone is not adequate. With the societal notion that women are expected to “do it all,” the pressure to succeed is overwhelming for many. Women tend to internalize and mask, which is often exasperated with ADHD. Everything that women are expected to maintain by societal standards requires strong executive functioning skills (i.e., planning, organizing, and maintaining focus), which are affected by ADHD. When women feel they are failing, their self-esteem and self-worth are impacted. It is not surprising that many women with ADHD face anxiety and depression.
TREATMENT OPTIONS
There are different treatment options for ADHD, including medication and various types of therapy, often used simultaneously. It is best to talk with your doctor about diagnosis and treatment options. If you have or suspect you have ADHD, here are some things you can start with:
Be Self-Compassionate: Self-compassion is an extremely useful tool. When this feels challenging, think about what you might say to a friend in a similar situation and use that messaging with yourself!
Increase Physical Activity: Exercise has many benefits for physical and mental health and has been found to be especially helpful with executive functioning and inattention. If daily movement is not already part of your routine, consider integrating it slowly and in ways that you enjoy!
Focus on Strengths: Individuals with ADHD are typically curious, creative, highly empathetic, and great problem solvers. ADHD also provides the ability to hyperfocus on tasks. Lean into your strengths!
Consider What is Already Working: Individuals diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood already have systems in place without recognizing it. Consider what IS working for you and find ways to do more!
SHOULD YOU SEEK A DIAGNOSIS?
Seeking a diagnosis is a personal decision. If you think it would be helpful for you, there are different avenues you can pursue. A psychologist, psychiatrist, or family doctor can diagnose ADHD. Seeing your family doctor is usually a good place to start! It is important to remember that while a diagnosis can be an important stepping stone for many, finding the right treatment plan takes time and commitment. Many women report that a diagnosis is validating or relieving. Some women experience anger towards teachers and caregivers for not noticing symptoms in childhood, or grief for a life that might have been different or easier had a diagnosis happened sooner. These are all perfectly normal and understandable reactions!
If you would like to learn more, please reach out or schedule a meet and greet with our psychotherapist, Nicole Armstrong. Nicole does not diagnose but has training and experience working with and supporting adults with ADHD.
*Information provided is for educational purposes and not meant to replace individualized treatment or advice by a physician or mental health practitioner.